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| ebook_iniic_1_2020.pdf |
ARTICLES
Chapter 1
Antibacterial Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Red and Yellow Onions (Allium Cepa) Against Selected Bacteria
Hartini Yusof1* & Muhamad Khairul Amirin bin Zulkifli1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor.
hartinieyusof@gmail.com
ABSTRACT - The emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria has led to a changed interest in exploring the potential of natural resources as an alternative therapeutic strategy to combat microbial infections. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts from red and yellow onion bulbs (Allium cepa) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by using the microdilution method was performed. Inhibition growth of the highest zone has been shown by aqueous extract of red onion (A. cepa) against S. aureus (14.7±1.1 mm), followed by E. coli (12±0.6 mm) and B. cereus (10.7±0.6 mm). Meanwhile, the yellow onion extract has a moderate inhibitory effect on B. cereus (10.7mm±1.5), followed by S. aureus (10.7±0.6mm) and E. coli (7.6±0.6mm). The red onion extract exhibited a significantly stronger antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E.coli compared to the yellow onion (p<0.005). However, both extracts had no activity against P. aeruginosa. The lowest MIC or the minimum concentration of red onion (A. cepa) aqueous extract that inhibits E.coli was 62.5µg/ml, while B. cereus was inhibited by both types of extracts at the concentration of 62.5µg/ml. Overall, the MBC values were higher than MIC as more concentrated extracts were needed to kill the bacteria. In conclusion, this study managed to prove that aqueous extracts of red and yellow onion (A. cepa) have the potential to be used as a natural antibacterial agent.
Key Words: Antibacterial, Allium cepa, Aqueous, Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Minimum inhibitory concentration
| antibacterial_effect_of_aqueous_extracts_of_red_and_yellow_onions__allium_cepa__against_selected_bacteria.pdf |
Chapter 2
Anxiety Reduction in Conducting English Oral Presentation using Telegram Application
Dianna Suzieanna Mohamad Shah, Mohamad Syafiq Ya Shak, Dr. Mohd Haniff Mohd Tahir
Universiti Teknologi MARA Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, Malaysia
dianna@uitm.edu.my, moham381@uitm.edu.my, haniff@uitm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - One of the important skills assessed in the academic program in Malaysian universities is oral presentations. The purpose of an oral presentation is to speak to a live audience formally about a specific topic. Despite being competent in their field of study, most of the students struggle in presenting their ideas due to their anxiety. Students may underperform in school because of anxiety and they will often avoid speaking in classroom settings. The main objective of this paper is to explain how telegram application could help to reduce their public speaking anxiety. Telegram is one of the platforms for Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) in teaching English language skills. Hence, this ‘Spice Up and Speak Up Your Mind Bot App’ is developed through this application to help English learners to improve their English presentation skills. The use of Telegram application in the classroom promotes effective, productive and communicative teaching and learning activities as well as reducing anxiety among the students. The paper would be of interest to the learners of second language particularly in English as well as to scholars in the same topic and field. The ideas behind ‘Spice Up and Speak Up Your Mind Bot App’ construction will help the learners to establish the feeling of confidence in conducting their oral presentation.
Key Words: Anxiety, Oral Presentation, MALL, Telegram application
| anxiety_reduction_in_conducting_english_oral_presentation_using_telegram_application.pdf |
Chapter 3
Application of Artificial Intelligence to Reduce Risk in Islamic Investment
Nashirah Abu Bakar1 Sofian Rosbi2
1Islamic Business School, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia
2School of Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis
nashirah@uum.edu.my
ABSTRACT - The main objective of investment activity is to gain higher return with minimum risk. Therefore, this project developed reduction risk method for Islamic investment using artificial intelligence. The method implemented in this project is using Modern Portfolio Theory with combination with genetic algorithm to search for higher return and minimum risk for portfolio selection. Data of this project are collected using Yahoo Finance database for KLCI stock prices of Shariah-compliant companies. The two assets are Top Glove Corporation Berhad and Axiata Group Berhad. The result of artificial intelligence method shows the minimum risk that can be achieved. The genetic algorithm method summarized that the minimum portfolio risk is 6.716 with expected return for portfolio is 0.392%. The composition of portfolio is asset A 43.7% and asset B 56.3 %. This finding indicates optimization using artificial intelligence can produce more reliable and accurate result to forecasting investment risk and return for Islamic investment. The output of this project shows the hybrid method can propose better portfolio selection with minimum risk for desired return of investment.
Key Words: Islamic investment, Risk, Artificial Intelligence, Genetic Algorithm.
| application_of_artificial_intelligence_to_reduce_risk_in_islamic_investment.pdf |
Chapter 4
Controlling Conopomorpha cramerella Infestation at a Large-Scale Cocoa Plantations
Saripah, B.
Malaysian Cocoa Board, 5-7th Floor, Wisma SEDCO, Lorong Plaza Wawasan, Off Coastal Highway, Locked Bag 211, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
sari@koko.gov.my
ABSTRACT - Managing the infestation of Cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella was one of the most significant challenges of Malaysian cocoa growers since the pest first occurrence in the 1980s. Where most of the past and recent studies focusing on the grower’s size plantations, managing of C. cramerella in large-scale areas must not be neglected. These practices require substantial inputs, critical workforce, and proper maintenance schedules. Therefore, managing of C. cramerella in large-scale areas was conducted at the Malaysian Cocoa Board Bagan Datuk, Perak for 36 consecutive months at Fields 1A (40.5 ha, 22 blocks) and 1B (23.0 ha, 29 blocks). Control was implemented using knapsack spraying at two-week intervals at both locations (Year I). Later on, insecticide spraying was continued using the fogging application at the monthly interval in Year II and Year III. Meanwhile, cocoa pod sleeving was carried out in Year III at Field 1B. Observations on the insecticide spraying show that there was an increment in the monthly average of cocoa beans in Year I (knapsack) compared to Year II (fogging). However, the monthly average of cocoa beans was decreased in the second year of fogging with reduction of 22.27%. Besides, observation at the Field 1B denoted that fogging also reduced the monthly average of cocoa beans in the Year II compared to knapsack spraying (Year I). Surprisingly, there was an increment of 45.21% of the monthly yield after sleeving implemented in Year III. The results conclude that cocoa pod sleeving is one of the best solutions in managing C. cramerella in large-scale areas. Even this non-technical approach was very laborious during the early phase of implementation, nevertheless the ability to increase cocoa yield must not be disregarded and should be promoted for large-scale control of C. cramerella.
Key Words: Cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella, cocoa, pod sleeving, insecticide fogging
| controlling_conopomorpha_cramerella_infestation_at_a_large-scale_cocoa_plantations.pdf |
Chapter 5
HoloDictionary: An Emerging Application to Enhance Learning among Autism Spectrum Disorder Learners
Chandra Reka Ramachandiran, Luk Ok Choo Candice Marine,
Preethi Subramanian, Chong Mien May, Imran Medi
Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation
chandra.reka@apu.edu.my
ABSTRACT - In this digital era, learning environments has positive impact on the learning process. For education, the classrooms are regarded as a significant learning environment where the educators and learners participate actively in a multilevel interaction process and engage in learning via instructional tools to achieve the outlined learning. However, children diagnosed with Autism Disorder Spectrum (ASD) have persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts and settings. Hence, the need arises for the educators and policy makers to identify an effective learning platform for these young learners. Align with this, the research aims to promote learning process using the HoloDictionary, an application that embeds the holographic technology. This emerging technology is very beneficial as it shows potential benefits for learners, specifically for children with special needs such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research proposes a solution to address learning difficulty issues among the autistic kids. With better visualization of teaching that can be learn, the amount of knowledge can be increased; with the help of a digital image, or simulation in a virtual reality. Findings from the research suggest that the synthetic 3D holograms ease the learning process of the young ASD learners. The holographic images promotes visual learning beyond the classroom among the students which is an added advantage for ASD learner.
Key Words: Autism Spectrum Disorder, HoloDictionary, 3D Hologram
| holodictionary_an_emerging_application_to_enhance_learning_among_autism_spectrum_disorder_learners.pdf |
Chapter 6
LINK-IT: Mastering English Linkers Using a Board Game
Boon Yih Mah, Nur Afiqah Ab. Latif, Noraziah Mohd Amin, Che Nooryohana Zulkifli, Raja Rosila Raja Berahim, Melati Desa,
Noor Azli Affendy Lee
Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang
mahboonyih166@uitm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - Learning by experience is often more efficient than learning by studying, but how to design an immersive learning experience that can respond to current challenges? This can be attained by using games for educational purposes, which supports the learning process and creates opportunities to apply the knowledge within the real world. There is a high potential for learning with games through innovating the existing games applications for educational purposes. The game-based learning approach is being adopted in schools, colleges, and even universities, especially for English language learning. Except for parts of speech and other grammatical items, sentence constructions, word formations, lexical choices, as well as stylistic features applied in formal written texts, learners of English are also taught to use lexical and grammatical cohesive devices–sentence linkers are among the principal cohesive devices. Linkers–unlike other categories of English words–are not easy to master by the learners since their usages require comprehension of how ideas are linked meaningfully together. Also, most English references focus more on grammar rules rather than individual words’ usages like linkers. Hence, a physical board game namely Learn, Improve & Know Important Transitions or LINK-IT, is invented to advocate game-based learning for creating an immersive learning experience. The novelty of this invention is up to date so far, there are no physical board games specifically designed for learning English linkers made available in the current market. As linkers are commonly used in both written and conversational English that are not restricted to a specific group of people, this product can reach more target customers who are keen on learning or improving their English language. By inculcating game-based learning through the usage of LINK-IT physical board game, learning linkers can be more fun in an immersive and innovative way, which ultimately can foster collaborative and autonomous learning among the English language learners.
Key Words: LINK-IT, linkers, game-based learning, English
| link-it_mastering_english_linkers_using_a_board_game.pdf |
Chapter 7
Nurturing Higher Order Thinking Skills through IB Learner Profile: The Trilateral Model of Teaching and Learning
Miftahuljanah Kamaruddin & Mohd Effendi @ Ewan Mohd Matore*
Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
*effendi@ukm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - Ministry of Education has put paramount importance on higher order thinking skills (HOTs) on the reformation of new curriculum, the Secondary School Curriculum to strengthen and students' thinking skills. The new curriculum reformation to ensure students not only memorize but understand what they are learning, draw conclusions, reflects and apply the knowledge to real situations. However, the enculturation of HOTs among students is still low due to less effective teaching and learning method. Thus, the development of the Trilateral Model of Teaching and Learning would assist in enculturation of HOTs through IB Learner Profile. The model would help to measure students’ HOTs and serve as a guideline to inform teaching and learning, thus inculcate HOTs culture among students.
Key Words: IB Learner Profile, the Trilateral Model of Teaching and Learning, Middle Years International Baccalaureate Programme
| nurturing_higher_order_thinking_skills_through_ib_learner_profile_the_trilateral_model_of_teaching_and_learning.pdf |
Chapter 8
Public Procurement Challenges From The Government Agencies Perspectives in Malaysia
M.Halizahari1, Nur Surayya Saudi, Norlaila Mazura Mohayudin, Khairunisa Mardzuki
National Defence University of Malaysia
1haliza.mz@upnm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - The objectives of procurement are to continuously support the government programmes for the benefit of people’s well being. This process involves accountability, transparency and integrity of the public servant in ensuring the goods and services purchased gives the best value for money. The process involved must adhere with the government of Malaysia procurement laws and regulations treasury instructions, treasury circular and financial act. This paper explored the challenges in the public procurement faced in the Malaysian government agencies based on qualitative studies through interviews and document analysis from the perspectives of the Ministry. This paper reviews the Malaysia government procurement practices and highlights the issues relating to the procurement process in the ministry. The findings revealed that issues in the government procurement is caused by poor planning and the procurement were not managed according to established regulations. Based on the study findings it will be benefited to the government agencies on having a good planning on procurement and to managed strategically by complying to the government procedures.
Key Words: Public Procurement, Low Quality, Exceeding Threshold, Splitting Order
| public_procurement_challenges_from_the_government_agencies_perspectives_in_malaysia.pdf |
Chapter 9
Stationaries Drop Stopper
Kavinesh Kesavan & Hareshkumaran Balamurugan
SJKT Mahajothi,Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
ratna_pg@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT - We got tired of pencils, pens and erasers "rolling" off the desks onto the floor. This is really nuisance for us. Sir Isaac Newton was an English mathematician and physicist who lived from 1642-1727. Newton discovered Gravity when he saw a falling apple while thinking about the forces of nature. So, our stationeries easily fall down caused by the GRAVITY forces. We invented easy magnet which helps to stick all our stationeries together. This will help the stationeries from falling and easy for students to keep at one place and grab it easily. The main objective to introduce this project among primary school students are to bring out their talent which conceal on them. By exposing this type of project the students started to think creatively and innovatively. The value of co-operation also can be instilled among the student.
| stationaries_drop_stopper.pdf |
Chapter 10
Student’S Improvement in Performance, Conception, and Interest on Compound Nouns Learning Via Inomaj
Ahmad Afandi Bin Yusri
Sekoleh Bayan LEpas Dua
A.Fandy90@gmail.com
ABSTRACT - The purpose of the research is to investigate the usage of innovative flashcards called Inomaj that can help students to improve their performance in a school test, make conception and show their interest in compound noun’s learning during Bahasa Melayu Lesson. The instruments used during this study consisting of document analysis, pretest, post-test, observation, and questionnaires. There were 10 respondents were chosen as representatives from a different level of year 1 UTM students in SK. Bayan Lepas Dua. All data obtained is analyzed based on the content of the analysis approach. Respondent was given Pre-Test before treatment by using Inomaj. Then, their behavior based on the treatment recorded via checklist by observation. After the treatment ended, the respondent answered some Post Test. All the information and feedback after used Inomaj been recorded. All data were analyzed and interpreted in the form of tables and graphs to see the comparison of results before and after treatment. The findings show that by using Inomaj, students’ performance improve in compound nouns learning. The results showed about 83 percent improvement after the treatment. In addition to this, all of them show their interest and 90 percent of them able to conceptualize some compound nouns. The outcome of this study can be used as a benchmark to produce more effective innovation based on 21st Century learning.
Keywords: Flashcards, Compound nouns, Conceptualize, Performance, Interest
| student’s_improvement_in_performance_conception_and_interest_on_compound_nouns_learning_via_inomaj.pdf |
Chapter 11
The Effectiveness of i-Tasmi’ Tahfiz in the Teaching and Learning Process at University
Suhaily Maizan Abdul Manaf*, Azarudin Awang, Wan Anisabanum Salleh,
Noorimah Misnan, Mohd Talmizie Amron
Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Terengganu
suhailymaizan@uitm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - In tandem with the development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), the i-Tasmi’ model has been designed for recording tasmi’ recitation sessions of students joining a special programme fondly known as Tasmi’ Tahfiz. Basically, information about the students getting involved in this programme will be updated in an i-Tasmi’ database according to present academic years. Once registered, the students will be allowed to have access to i-Tasmi’ by using their smartphones in order to log in the system and commence their own tasmi’ sessions at their own convenience and according to their time suitability. The objective of this study is to explain the correlation between the innovation of i-Tasmi’ Tahfiz and the teaching-and-learning process of university students. This study has used both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The respondents comprise 18 students of Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Terengganu. All the qualitative responses given have been analysed by using SPSS Version 22 to get mean and standard deviation. They were asked about the use of i-Tasmi’ as an assistive mechanism in memorising the Quran, the technique used, enable save their precious time and able to revise their memorised Quranic texts. All the findings show that the students’ perceptions are at high levels when mean score indicate > 4.00 scale. Thus, the i-Tasmi’ system has helped many students to implement their Quranic memorisation sessions according to their comfort and suitability of time. The system has gained attention from many parties at the national level and improved for development at the international level. Hence, it is believed that the i-Tasmi’ system possesses a great potential to be eligible for intellectual property protection under the Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia (MyIPO).
Key Words: i-Tasmi’ Model, Tahfiz, Teaching, Learning, University
| the_effectiveness_of_i-tasmi’_tahfiz_in_the_teaching_and_learning_process_at_university.pdf |
Chapter 12
The Influence of Zingiberaceae Botanical Pesticides on Egg Deposition and Surface Penetration by Conopomorpha cramerella
Saripah, B.
Malaysian Cocoa Board, 5-7th Floor, Wisma SEDCO, Lorong Plaza Wawasan, Off Coastal Highway, Locked Bag 211, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
sari@koko.gov.my
ABSTRACT - The potential use of botanical extracts for controlling insect pests appeared to be promising based on numerous studies conducted in different countries and continents. Therefore, these studies aimed to observe the influence of botanical pesticides from Zingiberaceae order towards egg deposition and surface penetration ability of major cocoa pest in Southeast Asia, the Cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen). Two formulations (namely F1 and F2) of Zingiberaceae botanical pesticides from Alpinia galanga and Zingiber officinale were tested and compared to the insecticide (a.i deltamethrin) and control. The results obtained from no-choice experiments denoted that the highest mean of eggs was deposited at Day 3 (0.781 ± 0.886 a), followed by Day 2 (0.658 ± 0.885 a) and Day 1 (0.438 ± 0.833 b). The highest mean of eggs was recorded the highest at Day3 for all treatments. Under choice experiment, A. galanga F1 (0.800 ± 0.894 bc) and F2 (0.500 ± 0.760 bc); Z. officinale F1 (0.950 ± 0.998 b) and F2 (0.950 ± 0.998 c); and insecticide (0.750 ± 0.786 bc) shows significant difference with control (1.800 ± 0.951 a). Among all treatments, the least mean of eggs is obtained from Z. officinale F2. Observations on the entry holes also recorded the highest mean recorded from the control treatment (1.250 ± 0.530 a), and the lowest recorded at Z. officinale F2. In the large cage observation, all treatments show a significant difference compared to the control for the mean of egg deposition. Meanwhile, between treatments, the lowest entry holes were observed at A. galanga F2, with no eggs able to penetrate the pod surface (0.000 ± 0.000 c). The results from these three experiments suggest the Zingiberaceae botanical pesticides shows promising results in reducing the egg deposition and surface penetration of C. cramerella, and might be beneficial for controlling major pest of cocoa in the future.
Key Words: Botanical pesticide, Cocoa, Cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella, Zingiberaceae
| the_influence_of_zingiberaceae_botanical_pesticides_on_egg_deposition_and_surface_penetration_by_conopomorpha_cramerella.pdf |
Chapter 13
UiTM Wesllap: Advocating Esl Learners’ Autonomy Towards Next Gen Learning in Education 5.0@UiTM
Noor Azli Affendy Lee, Boon Yih Mah, Suzana Ab. Rahim & Marni Jamil
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang
azli.affendy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT - Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) is an emerging national model for supporting students’ success through innovative high-impact educational practices. The shift to the era of Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 paves way to ubiquitous learning and learner’s autonomy. Education 5.0 at UiTM (Education 5.0@UiTM) is not about smart technology and its capability to do what humans do; instead, it is about what humans can do well rendered by these smart technology. Education 5.0 focuses on learnerdriven instruction and learners are the agents of their learning– a seamless mode, not bound by duration and location. Education 5.0@UiTM emphasises on intelligent, open, and linked web with innovative delivery and assessment systems to transform students’ learning environment into a meaningful learning experience. The fastchanging and pervasive nature of technology are undoubtedly altering educational delivery and shaping the learning experiences of the students. For the digital natives, meaningful learning should incorporate information and communication technology (ICT) and flexible learner hours for them to explore learning at their own pace. With the influx of learning materials available online, students are spoiled with choices and opportunities of autonomous learning. However, without an integrated platform which provides enough and appropriate cultural context in selecting appropriate learning materials, they can be quite lost and confused in the vast ocean of information. As such, there is a need for an integrated e-learning platform to be made available for the students. By doing so it aims to instil autonomous learning in university, which is free from the constraints of place and time. The UiTM Webitors’ English for Second Language Learners’ Autonomy Platform (UiTM WESLLAP) serves to fill this gap by fostering learner’s autonomy in English language learning for UiTM students. Using a free-to-design and highly adaptable website (Wix.com), UiTM WESLLAP integrates most of the English language courses offered in UiTM into a single hub that is free to access online by the learners to improve their English proficiency. Wix.com offers easyto-design and free customisation features for ESL instructors to cater to their teaching and learning needs. Hence, UiTM WESLLAP steps forward to further acclimatise learner’s autonomy in learning English language in line with Education 5.0.
Key Words: ESL, learners’ autonomy, Education 5.0, online learning
| uitm_wesllap_advocating_esl_learners’_autonomy_towards_next_gen_learning_in_education_5.0_uitm.pdf |
Chapter 14
Utilizing Simple Additive Weighting Method in the Development of Housing Rental Mobile App System: UHRS
Syed Ahmad Fadhil, Rosmah Abdul Latif, Suzana Baharudin & Nur Fadhlina Zainal Abedin
Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, MARA University of Technology, Seremban Campus, Negeri Sembilan
rosmah283@uitm.edu.my
ABSTRACT - One of the major challenges encountered by UiTM Non-Residents (NR) students are the difficulties of finding a rental house in UiTM Seremban areas. This scenario happened when students do not have enough time to search for a new house as their schedule are very tight. The use of mobile apps for searching a rental house can be beneficial to students as it can be easily retrieved at anytime and anywhere and thus save student’s time in searching houses. The Mobile Apps for Unit Pengurusan Kolej Non-Resident (UPKNR) or namely as UPKNR Housing Rental System (UHRS) has been developed to ease students to find rental houses using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The SAW is also called as a scoring method that used multi attribute decision technique. This paper described how the SAW method is use to rank the houses according to user preferences for examples, price, number of students per house, facilities, location and others. All data in this system is kept in Firebase database, and is maintained by the administrator. Through this system, NR Students can book their prospect rental houses easily.
Key Word: NR students, SAW, Firebase, Mobile apps, system
| utilizing_simple_additive_weighting_method_in_the_development_of_housing_rental_mobile_app_system_uhrs.pdf |