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| creative_innovation_without_boundaries_series_1.pdf |
ARTICLES
Chapter 1
Breast Cancer Recurrence (BCR) Risk Analyzer
Nurul Husna Jamian, Yap Bee Wah, Syadatul Syaeda Mat Saleh, Ilya Zulaikha Zulkifli, Samsiah Ahmad, Muhammad Azzarul Zamier Bin Abd Aziz & Muhammad Amirul Asyraf Bin Mukhtar
Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Perak Kampus Tapah 35400, Tapah Road Perak
Abstract - Breast cancer recurrence (BCR) is the return of breast cancer after primary treatment and it can recur within the first three to five years. Usually after completing treatment, many cancer survivors feel anxiety and fear that the breast cancer will recur. The worst case scenario, they may have misconception that after successful initial treatment they remain breast cancer free. Thus, BCR Risk Analyzer was developed to help breast cancer survivors predict their chances of having the recurrence in the future. This is the first system developed to predict the risk of recurrence either low or high among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia. This system was built and designed using Notepad++ and Adobe Dreamweaver CS10 where the target users are among women who have an experience of breast cancer and have no coexistence of other cancers. Users are required to answer all the questions displayed to get their own risk level result. BCR Risk Analyzer can be a useful tool and be used by doctors and breast cancer survivors to determine their risk level of recurrence. It also helps the government, medical practitioners and health care providers to take further preventive actions in order to improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
| breast_cancer_recurrence__bcr__risk_analyzer.pdf |
Chapter 2
Kitchen Waste Reducer
Noor Raifana Binti Ab Rahim, Nur Zaidani Wati Binti Mohd Darwis & Narita Binti Noh
Universiti Teknologi Mara
Abstract - Kitchen waste is a common daily waste production. Statistically, three (3) million kilogram of kitchen waste generated in one-day can contribute a huge amount of waste collection, disposal and greenhouse gases. The increased volume of kitchen waste requires a large landfill area that leads to land pollution. In addition, leachate orginating from kitchen food waste might also produce methane that is damaging to the environment.There have been studies conducted to reduce the amount of kitchen waste by turning the waste to fertilizer instead. However, this is not practical in Malaysia because of the limited land space in residential areas that discourages gardening activities. Therefore, kitchen waste reducer is introduced to reduce the volume and moisture content of the waste. Reduction of waste volume consequently will reduce the space required in dustbin, hence, the required landfill area; while the reduction of moisture can decrease micro activities that causes the production of odour and methane gases. The kitchen waste reducer comprises of the spinning bucket and blade to cut waste into smaller pieces without using electricity with reasonable price.
| kitchen_waste_reducer.pdf |
Chapter 3
VOLCANOSEE: Pre-Disaster Mitigation Volcano Eruption Android App
Roni Marudut Situmoranga, Singgih Bekti Warsitob, Rifaldy Fajarc, Kristian Bayub & Riana Dwi Ke
aDepartment of Geography Edu., Faculty of Social Science, Yogyakarta State University bDepartment of Mecatronica Edu., Faculty of Mechanic, Yogyakarta State University cDepartment of Mathematic, Faculty of Mathematic and Nature Science, Yogyakarta State University dDepartment of Sport Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University eDepartment of Indonesian Language, Faculty of Art and Language, Yogyakarta State University
Abstract - Volcano eruption to date has claimed many casualties. This is due to the difficulty of prediction of an eruption in a volcano. A volcanic eruption can be predicted with some parameters, one of the most important measurement parameter, namely the parameters of land surface temperatures. Volcanic eruption will experience can lead to increased land surface temperature significantly. High land surface temperature will affect the temperature of the surrounding air, thus causing an increase of air temperature as well. Community slopes of volcanoes during this does not get info quickly when the eruption will occur. This issue is caused slowness of information that comes as a result of information that came not directly acquired by mobile phone community. Rapid development of mobile telephony has created an Android service that can be used to access all information quickly. Rescue many souls before the eruption occurred is needed, therefore, necessary information can be used by the people directly, through the application of pre-disaster mitigation volcanic eruption in the Android app. Results from this study is an application that can run on mobile devices, and provides the parameters for the air temperature to pre-disaster mitigation volcano eruption. Air temperature measurements periodically through these applications can enhance community preparedness in daily activity on sloping volcano, researchers in conducting research on the volcano, and the government in determining the appropriate time for a quick evacuation.
Keywords: Android apps, Mitigation, volcanoes.
| volcanosee_pre-disaster_mitigation_volcano_eruption_android_app.pdf |
Chapter 4
SMARTLET (Intelligent Toilet Dehydration Level Detection Based Urine Color Aided Internet of Things (IoT) that Easy and Accurate Towards Intelligent Non Dehydration)
Deni Kurnianto Nugroho, Hernawan Prabowo, Anjasmoro Adi Nugroho, Thifli Habibi Nur Salim Nava & Rifaldy Fajar
Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
Abstract - The Indonesian Hydration Research Study (THIRST) shows that almost half of the population of Indonesia are experiencing symptoms of mild dehydration. The results showed as much 46.1% of 1,200 people inhabitants of Indonesia in Jakarta, West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi, experiencing mild dehydration. Based on the data about the high tendency to dehydration in Indonesia caused a flurry of activity, then the researcher offers a practical solution that makes it easy for the public to know the degree of dehydration and recommendations should be in the amount of water to drink to prevent dehydration that diseases early author name SMARTLET i.e. a public toilet service intelligent detector of dehydration through the color of the urine that results can be viewed through a smartphone. The methods used in the making of this Analysis is SMARTLET-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE). As for the goals to be achieved in this research are generating draft SMARTLET, knowing the performance and the workings of SMARTLET and know the advantages and benefits of SMARTLET. This detection system implementations have the percentage of success in recognizing dehydration and not well hydrated with a percentage of 100% success. The conclusion that can Pull in from the services it is able to become SMARTLET services that facilitate users in detecting the level of dehydration with the display of information in the form of LCD and smartphone as early solution to prevent diseases of dehydration. Keywords: dehydration, Internet of Things (IoT), community service, public toilets, the color of urine.
| smartl~1.pdf |
Chapter 5
NAMMON (Nata de Persimmon)
Debby Agustin, Lailatul Fitriyah, Prihantini, Lulik Rina Widyastutik & Rifaldy Fajar
Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
Abstract - During this cure for Diabetes mellitus still rely on injections of insulin to the patient's body and oral synthetic antidiabetik. Treatment of diabetes mellitus type II can be done by using natural materials, such as persimmon, containing several secondary metabolites, including polyphenols. Persimmon (Diospyros ft) is one of the many horticultural products are found in subtropical and tropical regions of the Highlands, such as Indonesia. Persimmon fruit contains tannins and phenolic compounds. Phenol compounds is one of the types of components that are essential to the health of phytochemicals and acts as an antioxidant by way of inhibiting oxidation process and the process of the formation of free radicals. Antioxidant properties that may prevent the onset of various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Persimmon else rich likopen functioning as antioxidants preventing cancer phytochemicals, lutein, beta carotene and fiber. The content of polyphenols in persimmon can lower the bad cholesterol that causes diabetes mellitus. Persimmons are used to treat DM is as much 500gr/day. According to the USDA, persimmon contains 19.6% carbohydrates, particularly fructose and glucose so that it can be used as one of the food products namely nata with Nammon name (Nata de Persimmon). So this product was able to increase the selling value of persimmon and antioxidant dessert into preventive diseases diabetes mellitus type 2. Keywords: Diabetes, Persimmon, Nata, Nammon.
| nammon__nata_de_persimmon_.pdf |
Chapter 6
A Study on the Effectiveness of UsahawanRia Board Game as a Training Tool in Entrepreneurship Lesson
Hasyireen binti Abdul Halima, Erita Mazwin binti Mazlanb & Faridah binti Che Inc
aElectrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Melaka, bCivil Engineering Department, Politeknik Melaka cCommerce Department, Politeknik Melaka
Abstract - Teaching Aids is a need for teachers to carry out teaching and learning (T&L) activities on this day. Inherent of students’ diversity require teachers to be more innovative in the classroom. This is because the students themselves have a learning style that varies among the style of auditory, visual and kinesthetic. As teachers, it is a responsibility to ensure that all types of students can get an advantage in any T&L methods that implemented in the classroom. Entrepreneurship course has been made as a compulsory subject for all polytechnic students including students in engineering department. In order to realize the diversity of teaching aids, UsahawanRia board game has been innovated to fill the demand of the curriculum and the students learning style. UsahawanRia board game which is designed based on concept of games also helps in improving knowledge and foster cooperation among group members. The main objective of this innovation is to diversify the methods of T&L activities in the classroom so that the process of teaching and learning becomes more interesting and interactive. This study is looking for the development of product innovation in T&L in the classroom for the course of entrepreneurship among polytechnic students to achieve domain of cognitive, affective and psychomotor. Overall rating of the game will be assessed based on the amount of profits earned by the students. In future, innovation of UsahawanRia board game can be made as a formal evaluation tool to grade students in their course assessment and could be used as teaching aids in secondary schools.
| a_study_on_the_effectiveness_of_usahawanria_board_game_as_a_training_tool_in_entrepreneurship_lesson.pdf |
Chapter 7
myBaby Remedy Kit
Hartini Yusofa, Reena Leeba Richarda, Shahrul Azam Abdullahb, Mohamad Azlan Abd Majidc & Shamima Abdul Rahmand
aDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus,42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. bFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. cDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. dDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 63000 Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
Abstract - Consumers are spoilt with variety of choices with different price ranges of baby products. Unfortunately, most of the products that are available in the market are not safe for babies. Some of the products may cause minor injuries while others are linked to a long term effect on their reproductive ability. The latter occurred highly due to the high content of toxic chemicals, especially from toiletries. Most parents are unaware of this situation, hence, it is vital for parents to limit their baby’s exposure to harmful chemicals as it can be easily absorbed into the body and potentially affecting their cells growth and function. Thus, the alarming concern had led us to develop ‘myBaby Remedy Kit’ that consisted of sanitizer, baby oil, head-to-toe wash, nappy balm and eczema cream that contained non-toxic antimicrobial agent. The increasing awareness on herbal remedies as an alternative had raised interest in the development of this product. This natural product is inexpensive and derived from fresh, pure Piper sarmentosum leaves extract that are easily grown throughout the region. The crude extract had also undergone several tests to determine the antimicrobial activities against several bacterial strains that are common cause of skin infections. Besides, this product also moistures the skin, prevents any redness or skin irritation and suitable for babies with or without eczema. In conclusion, ‘myBaby Remedy Kit’ has the potential to be marketed due to its natural content and its effectiveness in combating skin infections while still maintaining a healthy, soft skin.
| mybaby_remedy_kit.pdf |
Chapter 8
“S-FARM” (SMART FARMING DESIGN): Monitoring and Controlling System in Long-Distance Land Moisture in Agricultural Farm Based on IOT (Internet of Things) Through a Smartphone Android to Realize Sovereignty for Indonesian Food
Singgih Bekti Worsito, Hernawan Prabowo, Linda Noviasari, Lina Ambarwati, Lailaturrahmi Ramadhani & Muhamad Ali,M.T.
Yogyakarta State University
Abstract - Based on data from Agriculture Ministry of Republik Indonesia in 2013, that width of agricultural land in indonesia is 56.5 million hectares. Plants can live with fertile, if water suplement is enough (besides fertilizer, and fertilizing process). This enough water suplement is important for plants growth to moisten the land. Methods used in system to monitor and control the land moisture in long-distance using IOT (Internet of Things) is Analysis-Design-Development Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE). The end of a stage result is early products for the next stage (pargito , 2010: 46 ) .This study is done in Laboratory Electronics and Communication in Yogyakarta State University and land farm in Demen,Yogyakarta . Time needed in this research is three months, from August till October 2016. Expected outcomes of this device is able to increase farmers’ welfare and creating sovereignty Indonesia food. The conclusion is that designing and implementing of s-farm system (smart-farming) has already completed the whole criteria of the test and have valid value .Testing unit sensors for temperature DHT 11 works well to measure room temperature with the error is 0.19 °C and less than 2 °C that match with the data in sheet DHT 11 .Testing unit of sensors SEN0114 succed because the range value obtained matches with the data SEN0114 sheet sensors. The Kuator funds work well because it succed to respond as in limited value stated.
Keywords: information, land moisture, automatic, food, smartphone
| s-farm~1.pdf |
Chapter 9
Utilization of Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis Miller) As a Green Building and Renewable Energy
Pujianto, M. Pd., Fauziyyah Diyah Anggita Sari, Okta Lesagia, Rizal Justian Setiawan, Nurokhmah & Indra Dwi Suryanto
Yogyakarta State University
Abstract - Indonesia is a developing country that builds multi-storey buildings, especially in big cities such as Jakarta. Department of Parks and Cemeteries of Jakarta noted, in 2013, green open space in Jakarta only 2718.33 hectares. Air pollution levels are very high because of large numbers of motor vehicles, industries, and the lack of plants to absorb CO2 and produce O2. Needs of rising electricity will lead to the decreasing amount of coal in Indonesia, but to renew it takes a long time, for the new energy sources need to be empowered. Based on problems we need an innovation that can increase green open space, overcoming the problems of sewage wastewater from buildings, especially gray water and capable of generating renewable energy. Utilization of Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis Miller) as A Green Building and Renewable Energy is an engineering innovation greywater wastewater treatment system which is the waste of a building in the development verticulture to improve environmental quality in urban areas and the development renewable energy. Keywords: Aloe Vera, Eco-friendly, Green Building, and Renewable Energy
| utilization_of_aloe_vera__aloe_barbadensis_miller__as_a_green_building_and_renewable_energy.pdf |
Chapter 10
Design and Fabrication of Coordinate Measuring Machine Jig for Metrology Laboratory
Norasikin Binti Hussin & Nor Izlan Bin Zulkhiflee
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang Kampus Permatang Pauh
Abstract - Each jig has its own design and function in order to meet the process requirement. In general, the functions of jig are to guide the cutting tool and hold the workpiece during machining or when making measurement. This project is to design and fabricated a jig for Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) at UiTM Cawangan Pulau Pinang. CMM is a measuring device to provide precise measurement. CMM need a jig to hold and place the workpiece because the measuring probe will touch the surface of workpiece when checking measurement. The Undergraduate and Diploma student of Mechanical Engineering at UiTM Cawangan Pulau Pinang use CMM for their final year project and conduct to the laboratory work. The CMM in Metrology laboratory is not equipped with the necessary jig and therefore it is difficult for students to do making measurement. Previously, students used a box as a jig in order to hold and place the workpiece. The purpose of this project is to design a jig for CMM in order to assist the mechanical students in checking measurement properly and accurately. There are many types of jig available in the manufacturing field and the development of a new jig design is needed for CMM at UiTM Cawangan Pulau Pinang. The design of CMM jig is more focused on the multi-geometrical shapes. On the other hand, this design can improve the ability and application of the CMM for UiTM students.
| design_and_fabrication_of_coordinate_measuring_machine_jig_for_metrology_laboratory.pdf |
Chapter 11
Nanosunblock
Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin bin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali, Nurain binti Adam, Nur Nadia Dzulkifli & Tengku Shafazila binti Tengku Shaharudin
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan
Abstract - Sunblock contain organic active ingredients such as a cinnamic acid, may possess safety problem to human health and the environment. Thus, the encapsulation of the cinnamic acid into the zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxide was studied. The FTIR spectrum shows low intensity of the nitrate ion peak in 0.2 M layered double hydroxide-cinnamic acid (LDH-CA) and presence of C=O group, C-O group as well as OH group in the pure cinnamic acid . Meanwhile, the PXRD shows the increasing in basal spacing that indicates the intercalation process was successful.
| nanosunblock.pdf |
Chapter 12
STUPA: Students, Teachers, and Parents Application to Monitor Student Attendance in Formal School
Agus Triyanto, M. Pd., Galuh Candrasari, Intan Lisnawati, Nur Yono, Nana Indri Kurniastuti & Anjasmoro Adi Nugroho
Yogyakarta State University
Abstract - The behavior of skipping is behavior that should be dealt with as it can have an effect on academic, behavior that deviates from the rules of the school as well as moral students. Research shows that more than 50 percent of students dared skipping, one of their reasons to skip is their parents do not know. Students who do not follow the rise of the learning activities in the classroom, led us to conduct a project associated with it. The goal of this project is to create an application that directly provide notification to parents of students going to her son's presence in the learning activities in the classroom, so the expected decline rate of truant students. The first step we use is a documentary study followed by analyzing the student's level of tendency of skipping. Then, by using an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), Eclipse, we created an Android-based application. The working system of this application is the teacher checking attendance that the results can be directly connected to students’ parents, so parents get to know her son was present in the learning activities in the classroom or not. The results of this project is the STUPA: Student, Teacher, and Parents Application, where parents can monitor the presence of their son based on the information inputted by the teacher concerned. So it is expected to decline by skipping behavior of students.
| stupa_students_teachers_and_parents_application_to_monitor_student_attendance_in_formal_school.pdf |
Chapter 13
BAPENO: Banana Peels Noodle a Nutritious Healthy Food
Lilis Sugiarto, M. Si, Muhammad Ghani Fadhlurrahman, Dwi Nailul Izzah, Intan Lisnawati, Rini Winarti & Fitri Febriani
Yogyakarta State University
Abstract - Banana peels is a waste material of bananaswhich pretty much amount, i.e. 1/3 of the fruit of the banana that has not been peeled. According to data of Badan Pusat Statistik, the volume of banana production continues to increase, the latest data (2015) shows that the productivity increase20.60%. The increasing number of banana production is necessarily directly proportional to the resulting waste of banana peels. So far untapped banana peels are real, just dumped as waste or organic food as livestock such as cows, buffaloes and goats. Waste banana peels contain high nutrients mainly on vitamins and vast grounds so that it can be utilized as raw food.It contains carbohydrates, fats, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B and C, also water. These nutritional elements can be used as an energy source and antibodies for human body.Today, the society's lifestyle changes affect patterns of its consumption. The community tend to pick foods that are practical at the same time the glut. By conducting the study literature and analyzing the content of banana peels, we created noodles with the composition of banana peels, so the benefits of banana peels can be accommodated well through this noodles. Additionally, this noodles does not contain any preservatives and dangerous chemicals because we use natural ingredients only. By this noodles, then waste banana peels can be utilized optimally, sonutrients inside banana peels can be accommodated well.
Keywords: Banana Peels, Noodle, Nutrition
| bapeno_banana_peels_noodle_a_nutritious_healthy_food.pdf |
Chapter 14
The Design and Development of Mobile Application in Enhancing English Language Competency: A Prototype
Shahrul Ridzuan Bin Arshad, Ima Shanaz Wahidi & Mazura Mastura Muhammad
Department of Modern Languages, School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Business Management & Social Sciences, Quest International University, Perak
Abstract - At present, local graduates are experiencing difficulties in securing a better profession upon graduation due to the fact that present prospective employers are seeking for the excellent candidates that possess both elements of theoretical and practical skills at workplace. One of the critical reasons is the mastery of English language specifically communicative skills among the graduates. Graduates to date have minimal and insignificant mastery of English language skills specifically communication skills at workplace. A research conducted by Gurvinder and Sharan (2008) highlighted seven primary employability factors specifically English language proficiency and literacy skills, ICT skills, problem solving and adaptability skills, human skills, personal organization and time management skills, leadership skills, and also communication skills. Therefore, graduates must be well equipped with survival skills at workplace environment in an attempt to compete in delivering their best performance at workplace. A prototype of mobile application for English language descriptors was designed and developed to identify and further benchmark the graduate’s competency of English language needed at workplace. The purpose of this research was to design and develop an online assessment of English language skills for graduates to selfevaluate themselves prior applying a job. Recommendations and future impacts are put forth at the end of this report.
Keywords: descriptors, mobile application, English language skills, productive skills, receptive skills.
| the_design_and_development_of_mobile_application_in_enhancing_english_language_competency_a_prototype.pdf |
Chapter 15
FLOAT eVILLA
Hassnah Wee, Syazwani Binti Mohamad, Normaizatul Akma Binti Md Ghani, Fatimah Binti Jinal, & Nor Asmalina Mohd Anuar
Universiti Teknologi MARA
Abstract - Environment plays a significant role in creating reading mood among people. Environment can either facilitate or inhibit certain behaviors, cognitive processes, and mood as well as ability to enjoy social occasions, a greater sense of community and enhanced openness and talkativeness. However, in Malaysia, reading habit is not comprehensively practiced among Malaysian. Reading culture is one of the elements that need to be strategically enhanced to produce an educated and knowledgeable society in the future specifically in meeting the National Transformation 2050 strategic objective. Float eVilla is a smart floating library equip with digital technology that will excite its patron to a new reading experience. The Float eVilla build to create excitement in reading habit among Malaysian and instill reading culture while having leisure activities. It is designed based on the green technology concept where it uses natural ventilation with minimum electricity usage. The strategic location of the library is on the lake where the breeze able to come in through the windows. The Float eVilla environmental friendly library concept, which equip with digital technology reading material and 4-Dimensional story telling experience will be the 1st ecotainment-digital library in Malaysia. The Float eVilla ecotainment-digital library will be the new attraction to local and international tourists to spend leisure activities with family and friends. The National Blue Ocean Strategy approach is the key implementation initiative in building the Float eVilla. This unique ecotainment-digital library will have a good commercial value as it portrays a new concept of learning, reading and leisure center for tourist and community.
| float_evilla.pdf |
Chapter 16
Turmeric Asam Paste (Packaging)
Massyittah Binti Omar, Siti Nor Fadillah Binti Ahmad Shariff, Zuratulraha Binti Jaafar, Siti Nurhanifah Binti Sulong & Hayati Adilin Binti Mohd Abd Majid
Taylor's University
Abstract - Kunyit Asam paste is a new invention of food product which is contrasting from the market offer todays. The combination of the main ingredients of Kunyit Asam paste such as fresh turmeric, tamarind skin (Asam keeping), salt and guar gum makes this product differently unique from others. Curcumin is a bright yellow chemical produced by turmeric plant (Duke, 2004). Curcumin is the main active ingredient in turmeric. The yellow color from this product is come from the original fresh turmeric itself. This will make the Kunyit asam paste able to give tremendous natural color and nutrition t to the food at the end cooking process. Asam keping will react as natural preservative and prolong the shelf life of Kunyit Asam paste and also value added flavor to the product. Meanwhile, Guar gum is used as a thickening agent to thicken the paste and give stabilizing the product. There is another potentially useful local herb to be highlighted as a source of food in local area. Opportunities in busting and promoting local product will assist the economic factors. This can also increase the income of local farmers and the production can be increased. Therefore, turning turmeric into paste will diversify its usage and utilization.
Keywords: turmeric; guar gum; curcumin
| turmeric_asam_paste__packaging_.pdf |
Chapter 17
Prototype of Self-Aid Arm Rehabilitation
Ahmad Najmie Bin Rusli, Muhamad Zaini Bin Mohamed Zain, Muhamad Afiq Hakim Bin Muhamad Affandi, Ariff Hamiz Ar-Rasyid Bin Rusli & Nurul Nadiah Binti Rasdi
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pasir Gudang Campus
Abstract - Stroke patients may experience weakness or stiffness in some of the muscles on some part of the body such as the arm. This can then lead to problems with movement and balance that will hinder their daily routine. Although going for physiotherapy can help the stroke patients, it may be a daunting and demotivating task to some. As such, Self-Aid Arm Rehabilitation (SAAR) is designed to help them to have the free will to decide on their own when to do the exercise. Having free will make them more motivated and boost their confidence to get better. Stroke patients may experience weakness or stiffness in some of the muscles on some part of the body such as the arm. The prototype is designed to help them to have more motivated and boost their confidence to get better.
| prototype_of_self-aid_arm_rehabilitation.pdf |
Chapter 18
Dual Folding Chair
Muhammad Ariffudin Abdul Wahab, Fadhleen Munirah Arif , Saida Farhanah Sarkam, Noor Affeeda Ramli & Noor Junaini Arwin Yaacob
Faculty of Business Management, UiTM Pahang, Raub Campus, 27600 Raub, Pahang, Malaysia.
Abstract - Left-handed person…sometimes it is a blessed but sometimes it can be a dilemma. No worries, the DualFolding Chair was created with two sides folding table to provide comfort in writing to students especially for left-handed user. This Dual-Folding Chair comes with the two-side folding table that only can be pull one table at a time. The highlight of this product is not only for the left- handed person yet it is also can be used by right-handed person. With this chair, it will be more comfortable and convenience for the users to use when writing. The idea came to innovate this special chair due an observation been done by us when looking at difficulty faced by left-handed students when using existing flip chair that been designed to suit for right- handed user. We make this product as our responsibility to provide an equality and diversity plus comfortability to students in the classroom. Our target market is to everyone especially left-handed users. Since we only sell it in a bulk, we focus on selling this product to school, universities, and consultant and training companies. As we have two side folding table which is it can be used for right and left handed user, we promised that buyers money is worth every penny. Using iron hollow, plywood, and rubber we promised as this product will give comfortable feelings to our buyers.
| dual_folding_chair.pdf |
Chapter 19
3-Wheeled Trolley (TR-03)
Abdul Aziz Masnan, Nur Anis Afiqah Zainal Abidin, Farah Faseiha Osman, Saida Farhanah Sarkam & Noor Junaini Arwin Yaacob
Faculty of Business Management, UiTM Pahang, Raub Campus, 27600 Raub, Pahang, Malaysia.
Abstract - Flats, apartments and condominiums are using elevator as their main transport equipment that efficiently moves people or goods. The breakdown of elevators will be the major problems to the residents where it will be gives difficulty for them to transport goods. Therefore by having 3-wheeled trolley (TR-03) will help the residents in reducing the energy used in transporting the loads when using the stairs. The speciality of this product it is easy to be pull through the stairs and it can be fold. This idea have been developed due to some complaints that been made from the residents when the elevator was breakdown. By using 3Wheeled trolley (TR-03) it will reduce the possibility of having back pain during carrying the loads using the stairs, it is portable, light in weight and also user friendly. Our target market for this product is citizen who live in flat or apartment housing area. For those who are having this 3-Wheeled Trolley (TR-03) will satisfy with the outcome because it is very helpful not only during the breakdown of the elevator but also can be used at the uneven place. Our innovation product will guarantee in making the customers feel worth buying it.
| 3-wheeled_trolley__tr-03_.pdf |
Chapter 20
Low Back Pain Help Tool using Web-Based Application
Nur Amalina Alleyesa, Liyana Shuiba, Nur Baiti ‘Afini Binti Normadhia, Ghulam Mujtabaa & Leena Loh Poh Chenb aDepartment of Information System, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia bPusat Perubatan Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai,59100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract - Low Back Pain Help Tool is a web-based application that helps low back pain patients to diagnose their intensity of pain and do some recommended exercises to reduce their pain. The purpose of this study is to develop a system that will enable low back pain patients to know their intensity of pain that is time-saving and cost-saving. The conceptual and technical design of the conventional expert system was reviewed and the architecture of knowledge engineering for developing them was redefined and analysed. The system architecture and components of this system was based on the proposed architecture of low back pain help tool system that intended to enhance the existing tools used to diagnose low back pain problems. The waterfall model methodology is used to ensure the system design meets its goals. This model emphasizes on knowledge acquisition process that enables the effective way in gathering precise information from expert to promote intelligent diagnosis.
Keyword: Low back pain, physiotherapy, diagnosis, help tool
| low_back_pain_help_tool_using_web-based_application.pdf |
Chapter 21
Clitoria Ternaeta sp. Extract as an Alternative to Produce Inks for Whiteboard Marker Pens
Muhammad Azrie bin M Raymi, Muhamad Amir Firdaus bin Ismail, Aina Zafirah binti Azhar, Nur Najwa binti Md Amin & Nur Adira binti Mohamad Azlan
Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Sabak Bernam
Abstract - Whiteboard marker pen is synonym to teacher when it comes to teaching and learning session in the class as it is one of the compulsory tools for them. Inks for whiteboard marker pens are usually made of chemical substances and is sold at a higher price. Hence, as an innovative society we have thought of better ways to improvise the quality of our product like whiteboard marker pens. So, our innovation is mainly aimed to create an alternative way of producing ink for whiteboard marker pens by using method of extracting plants. This method also helps reduce the cost of manufacturing for industry as well as providing products naturally from plants and environmentally friendly. In addition, this product will not be harmful to users as it contains lack of chemicals. The materials we use for extraction are only from floras and herbs. The plants are Clitoria Ternaeta sp. or commonly known as Asian pigeon wings and some herbs like Pandanus amaryllifolius sp. and Jasminum sambac sp. for fragrance. For purpose of extracting the dyes, we mostly use parts of plants such as leaves, flower, and fruit to produce colour extract. For example, Clitoria Ternaeta’s flowers will be extracted using soxhlet extractor to extract blue colours for conventional dyes. Ethanol, glass wools and still bar are needed for the extraction process. The dyes extracted from the flowers will then be distilled to separate ethanol from the mixture through distillation process. Finally, the extracted dyes are mixed with extracted fragrance for odor, a very minimum amount of alcohol and oils and are processed. As a result, we will produce such real inks for whiteboard marker pens like the one which has been commercialized in market nowadays but more natural and non-toxic. In a nutshell, this alternative way is one of the ways to help just not your teachers and friends to save up money, but the whole society that applies whiteboard marker pens in their daily lives.
Keywords: clitoria ternaeta sp., soxhlet extractor, marker pen
| clitoria_ternaeta_sp._extract_as_an_alternative_to_produce_inks_for_whiteboard_marker_pens.pdf |
Chapter 22
A Potential of Thiosemicarbazones as Corrosion Inhibitors for Industrial Cleaning Process
Nur Nadia Dzulkifli, Nur Nadira Hazani, Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali, Jamil Mohamad Sapari & Fasihah Esa
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan
Abstract - The new thiosemicarbazones derivatives, 2-acetylpyridine 4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazones (L1) and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde 4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazones (L2) were successfully synthesised by condensation method. The structures of ligands were confirmed by elemental analysis (CHNS), FT-IR, and UV-Vis. The elemental analysis of compounds show results were in a good agreement with theoretical values. The FT-IR showed the presence of functional groups as presented in the proposed structures. The UV-Vis analysis showed n→π* and π→π* transitions. The confirmed compounds were determined its ability to inhibit corrosion toward mild steel in 1M HCl. The inhibition ability was evaluated by weight loss method in three different concentrations of inhibitors. The experimental results indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased as the inhibitor concentration increased. Furthermore, L1 showed better inhibition efficiency than L2 because L2 contains chloro substituent which is indirectly involved in the corrosion process.
| a_potential_of_thiosemicarbazones_as_corrosion_inhibitors_for_industrial_cleaning_process.pdf |
Chapter 23
Corrosion Inhibition on a Mild Steel by Dithiocarbamate Complexes in an Acidic Solution
Nor Farah Hida Othman, Nabilah Syakirah Zolkifli, Nur Nadia Dzulkifli, Muhammad Faiz Latif & Ahmad Husaini Mohamed
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan
Abstract - Over the years, dithiocarbamates (DTCs) benefits have been applied in biochemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, pharmacology and medicinal industries. Other than that, researchers had found that DTCs not only can act as an anti-cancer, anti-fungal and anti-oxidant agents but DTCs also can be used in the alcoholism treatment. DTCs are special ligand because it owned multidentate ligand characteristic and it capable to stabilize transition metals with various oxidation states. In this research, mixed-ligand complexes of Ni(II) N-butylmethyldithiocarbamate (C1) and Ni(II) N-ethylbenzyldithiocarbamate were synthesised by using in situ and characterised by infrared (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy melting point measurement. Based on the FT-IR results showed that there were the presence of functional groups as presented in the proposed structures. Through UV-Vis analysis showed there were existence of electronic transitions in the complexes which were n→π* , π →π* and d-d transitions. There is a direct relationship between the concentration of complexes as an inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency. Weight loss experiments are carried out on a mild steel in 1 M HCl solution at room temperature and the same trend of inhibition is produced. The inhibition ability was evaluated by weight loss method in three different concentrations. The experimental results indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased as the inhibitor concentration increased.
| corrosion_inhibition_on_a_mild_steel_by_dithiocarbamate_complexes_in_an_acidic_solution.pdf |
Chapter 24
Magnetic Absorbent Magic
Noor Azland Jainudin Ahmad Fadzil Jobli, Ahmad Zaidi Hampden, Nurul Najihah Mad Rosni, Yaziz Kasim
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Samarahan 2, Sarawak
Abstract - Sarawak has a lot of city view river that could attract visitors and bring attention to the town. Beautification of the sides of the river and maintaining cleanliness of the environment are vital and need serious attention. However uncontrolled oil waste dumping from oil facilities and automobile leakage has already harmed many rivers. We neglect our rivers until they demand attention and the role in keeping our rivers alive seems to have already been forgotten. Therefore, one potential solution to this problem is to produce a recycle and environmentally-safe product to absorb oil waste. The proposed product “Magnetic Absorbent Magic” is a prototype designed. The characteristic of the prototype is that the composite material will be wrapped and tied to a floating object. It will be based on the ability of the composite material to absorb oil waste, while floating at the surface of the river. The composite material mostly consists of human hair and a portion of tyerelene fiber. The portion of the tyerelene fiber in lock of hair can cause a magnetic couple effect that can highly improve the absorption performance. The uniqueness of the prototype is that it can be commercialized in small or big market and has a high value to generate income in the future. By using mostly recycle material, it is considered as a low cost and effective product, easy to handle, as a side income to barbers and provide opportunity to manufacturers to produce a better product using the proposed prototype.
| magnetic_absorbent_magic.pdf |
Chapter 25
Magical Canting
Rohani binti Osman, Alia Najiha binti Jusoh & Nurzahirah binti Zuhairi
SM Imtiaz YT Kuala Terengganu
Abstract - In traditional canting processes, the wax has to be melted on a stove, then the molten wax will be poured into the canting tool, and the canting tool will be used to draw sketches on the cloth. The traditional method is complicated and required skills for preparation of canting processes. ‘Magical Canting’ is a tool that is equipped with a heating element to melt the wax directly inside the canting tool and will make the canting process easier especially to the beginner. This innovaton is carried out by three students from SM Imtiaz YT Kuala Terengganu and divided by two main task. The first task is research on the mechanical design and mechanism of ‘Magical Canting’. The second task is about the heating element and analysis on the wax and this research is focus on the second task. Research on the heating element is about the type of heating element, type of power source and the material for the heating element. For analysis on the wax, the scope is on the physical properties, melting point and the flow of the molten In traditional canting processes, the wax has to be melted on a stove, then the molten wax will be poured into the canting tool, and the canting tool will be used to draw sketches on the cloth. The traditional method is complicated and required skills for preparation of canting processes. ‘Magical Canting’ is a tool that is equipped with a heating element to melt the wax directly inside the canting tool and will make the canting process easier especially to the beginner. This innovaton is carried out by three students from SM Imtiaz YT Kuala Terengganu and divided by two main task. The first task is research on the mechanical design and mechanism of ‘Magical Canting’. The second task is about the heating element and analysis on the wax and this research is focus on the second task. Research on the heating element is about the type of heating element, type of power source and the material for the heating element. For analysis on the wax, the scope is on the physical properties, melting point and the flow of the molten wax.
| magical_canting.pdf |